{"id":1374,"date":"2025-01-13T21:51:28","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T21:51:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gbaplus.ca\/consentement-libre-prealable-et-eclaire-clpe\/"},"modified":"2025-09-26T15:46:25","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T15:46:25","slug":"consentement-libre-prealable-et-eclaire-clpe","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gbaplus.ca\/fr\/consentement-libre-prealable-et-eclaire-clpe\/","title":{"rendered":"Consentement libre, pr\u00e9alable et \u00e9clair\u00e9 (CLPE)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Le Consentement libre, pr\u00e9alable et \u00e9clair\u00e9 (CLPE) est un principe consacr\u00e9 par le droit international des droits de l&rsquo;homme, notamment dans <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/indigenouspeoples\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/11\/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf\">la D\u00e9claration des Nations Unies sur les droits des peuples autochtones (DNUDPA)<\/a> et d&rsquo;autres accords internationaux comme la Convention 169 de l&rsquo;OIT. Le CLPE garantit aux peuples autochtones le droit d&rsquo;accorder ou de refuser leur consentement aux projets, lois ou activit\u00e9s susceptibles d&rsquo;affecter leurs terres, leurs ressources ou leurs vies. Il garantit aux peuples autochtones une v\u00e9ritable participation aux d\u00e9cisions qui pourraient changer leur vie, particuli\u00e8rement en ce qui concerne leurs terres, leurs ressources et leurs cultures, comme moyen de rem\u00e9dier aux injustices historiques et de construire des partenariats authentiques.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Que signifie r\u00e9ellement le CLPE ?<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Libre<\/strong> : La d\u00e9cision doit \u00eatre prise sans pression ni manipulation. Pas d&rsquo;intentions cach\u00e9es, pas de conditions. Il s&rsquo;agit de s&rsquo;assurer que les gens se sentent en s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et habilit\u00e9s \u00e0 dire \u00ab oui \u00bb, \u00ab non \u00bb ou \u00ab pas encore \u00bb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e9alable<\/strong> : Le moment est crucial. On n&rsquo;attend pas que les plans soient finalis\u00e9s ou que les machines arrivent pour demander l&rsquo;avis. Les communaut\u00e9s autochtones doivent \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9es \u00e0 la conversation d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but pour que leurs voix soient inscrites dans l&rsquo;ADN des projets et des politiques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00c9clair\u00e9<\/strong> : Chacun m\u00e9rite de savoir ce qu&rsquo;il accepte (ou non). Cela signifie fournir des informations claires et pr\u00e9cises sur ce qui est pr\u00e9vu, les risques encourus et les avantages potentiels. Et cela doit \u00eatre fait d&rsquo;une mani\u00e8re compr\u00e9hensible pour les personnes concern\u00e9es. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Consentement<\/strong> : C&rsquo;est la d\u00e9cision collective de la communaut\u00e9 d&rsquo;accepter, de rejeter ou de n\u00e9gocier. Ce n&rsquo;est pas une case \u00e0 cocher ni une approbation symbolique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quand le CLPE est-il n\u00e9cessaire ?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Le CLPE intervient chaque fois qu&rsquo;un projet pourrait avoir un impact sur les terres ou les ressources autochtones. Qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agisse d&rsquo;exploitation mini\u00e8re, de construction d&rsquo;un barrage ou de cr\u00e9ation d&rsquo;une zone de conservation, les personnes concern\u00e9es ont le droit de d\u00e9cider si et comment le projet doit avancer.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pourquoi le genre et l&rsquo;intersectionnalit\u00e9 sont importants<\/h3>\n\n<p>Le genre, l\u2019\u00e2ge, le handicap et d\u2019autres facteurs influencent le fait de qui est entendu et quels besoins sont prioritaires. Par exemple, les femmes g\u00e8rent souvent les syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;eau et d&rsquo;alimentation, mais sont fr\u00e9quemment exclues des discussions formelles. Les a\u00een\u00e9s apportent des connaissances traditionnelles, tandis que les jeunes offrent des perspectives innovantes, mais ces deux groupes sont parfois n\u00e9glig\u00e9s. Sans inclusion intentionnelle, le CLPE risque de renforcer les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s existantes.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comment appliquer le CLPE de mani\u00e8re inclusive<\/h3>\n\n<p>Pour que le CLPE fonctionne pour tous, il est important de cr\u00e9er un espace pour les voix diverses. Les informations doivent \u00eatre partag\u00e9es dans <strong>des langues et des formats compr\u00e9hensibles pour tous<\/strong> dans la communaut\u00e9, et le processus doit pr\u00e9voir <strong>suffisamment de temps<\/strong> pour que les gens puissent discuter et comprendre les implications. Les femmes et autres groupes marginalis\u00e9s peuvent avoir besoin d&rsquo;espaces d\u00e9di\u00e9s pour s&rsquo;exprimer librement sans crainte de jugement ou de repr\u00e9sailles. R\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ces besoins renforce le processus et garantit que la d\u00e9cision finale refl\u00e8te l&rsquo;ensemble de la communaut\u00e9, pas seulement ceux qui ont le plus d&rsquo;influence.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ressources <\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.fao.org\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/8a4bc655-3cf6-44b5-b6bb-ad2aeede5863\/content\">Le consentement pr\u00e9alable, donn\u00e9 librement et en connaissance de cause : Un droit des peuples autochtones et une bonne pratique pour les communaut\u00e9s locales.<\/a><br\/>Ce manuel est publi\u00e9 par l&rsquo;Organisation des Nations Unies pour l&rsquo;alimentation et l&rsquo;agriculture (FAO). Il fournit des \u00e9tapes claires et des outils pour aider les projets \u00e0 suivre les normes internationales comme la DNUDPA et la Convention 169 de l&rsquo;OIT. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.fao.org\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/8a4bc655-3cf6-44b5-b6bb-ad2aeede5863\/content\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/assets\/gov\/environment\/natural-resource-stewardship\/environmental-assessments\/environmental-assessment-revitalization\/documents\/free_prior_informed_consent_in_an_ea_context.pdf\">Le consentement libre, pr\u00e9alable et \u00e9clair\u00e9 dans le contexte de la DNUDPA et des \u00e9valuations environnementales<\/a><br\/>Le document a \u00e9t\u00e9 produit par le Bureau d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation environnementale (BEE) de la Colombie-Britannique. Il refl\u00e8te l&rsquo;engagement de la province \u00e0 int\u00e9grer le CLPE dans son processus d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation environnementale conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la DNUDPA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Consentement libre, pr\u00e9alable et \u00e9clair\u00e9 (CLPE) est un principe consacr\u00e9 par le droit international des droits de l&rsquo;homme, notamment [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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